home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
-
- @
- Benazir Bhutto
- studied at Oxford
- University,
- encouraged by
- her father. She
- was elected
- President of the
- Oxford Union in
- 1975, and she
- seemed to be
- heading for a
- successful, but
- unremarkable
- career in the
- Pakistani
- foreign service
- #
- At the end of the British Raj in India, the Indian National Congress and Jinnah's Muslim
- League had agreed to partition the subcontinent. The Muslim provinces of Punjab
- and Bengal became independent in 1947 as West and East Pakistan
- #
- In 1971 a border
- war erupted
- between India
- and Pakistan, and
- a refugee crisis
- ensued after
- Pakistan's army
- put down an
- uprising by
- Bengalis in East
- Pakistan. In the
- wake of the war,
- East Pakistan split
- away to become
- Bangladesh, and
- Benazir's father
- took over as the
- president of the
- new Pakistan
- #
- Prime Minister
- Bhutto was
- overthrown and
- arrested by army
- chief General Zia
- ul-Huq in 1977.
- Within a few
- months Benazir
- was also interned.
- She spent the
- next five years in
- prison or under
- house arrest
- #
- Within weeks of
- being ousted as
- Prime Minister,
- Ali Bhutto had
- been arrested
- and charged with
- the murder of a
- political opponent.
- He was executed
- on the orders of
- General Zia, and
- Benazir took over
- as leader of her
- father's Pakistan
- People's Party
- @
- In 1986 Bhutto
- returned to
- Pakistan after
- two years exile
- in Great Britain.
- Greeted by cheer-
- ing crowds, she
- demanded free
- and fair elections,
- but she under-
- estimated Zia's
- determination to
- hold onto power.
- She was arrested
- after a political
- rally held in
- defiance of a
- government ban
- #
- President Zia's
- four years as
- ruler of Pakistan
- did not deliver
- democracy, but
- some felt that it
- was enough that
- he had offered
- stability. But he
- had many
- enemies, and
- when he was
- killed rumours of
- assassination
- abounded
- #
- Bhutto was often
- the only woman
- to be seen at
- her rallies in
- the election
- campaign of 1988,
- following Zia's
- death. Bhutto's
- charisma and
- promises of
- reform brought
- her victory at the
- polls and saw her
- sworn in as the
- first woman
- leader of a
- Muslim state
- #
- As prime
- minister, Bhutto
- was placed under
- constant pressure
- by Islamic
- fundamentalists.
- Although she
- came to power
- promising greater
- equality for
- women, the
- objections of the
- Islamic lobby
- halted progress
- #
- Pakistan was
- plunged into a
- new crisis when
- Bhutto was forced
- to leave office
- after she was
- accused of
- corruption and
- incompetence
- #
- In its entire
- history, Pakistan
- has only had
- three free
- elections, and all
- of them were
- won by the
- Pakistan Peoples'
- Party, led first
- by Zulfikar Ali
- Bhutto, then by
- his daughter
- Benazir
- #
- Benazir Bhutto
- was re-elected
- prime minister in
- 1993, three years
- after the army
- had removed her
- from office. No-one
- thought that this,
- her second stint
- in government,
- would last any
- longer than the
- first one
- #
- The threatened
- hanging of a
- Christian boy
- accused of
- blasphemy high-
- lighted Bhutto's
- eternal dilemma.
- Personally she is
- progressive and
- liberal, but in
- order to cling to
- power she has to
- balance the many
- political forces
- at work in her
- conservative
- country
- @
-